Nocardia are Gram-positive, acid-fast, filamentous bacteria that cause opportunistic infections in susceptible populations. We describe a case of post-transplant infection of pulmonary nocardiosis caused by the rare strain and the challenges faced in reaching a definitive diagnosis. This case report emphasizes on keeping nocardiosis as a differential diagnosis in transplant recipients, as this disease is largely underdiagnosed and underreported.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000569.v3 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Nephrol
January 2025
Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between the Fc-gamma receptor IIIA (FCGR3A) 158 polymorphism and clinical outcomes in kidney transplantation (KTx) patients. Specifically, we focused on late-onset neutropenia (LON) in ABO-incompatible (ABOi) or HLA-incompatible (HLAi) KTx recipients who underwent rituximab (RTx) desensitization therapy.
Methods: FCGR3A 158F/V polymorphisms were identified in 85 ABOi or HLAi KTx recipients who underwent RTx desensitization at our institution between April 2008 and October 2021.
PLoS One
January 2025
Worldwide Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America.
Background: Belatacept is approved for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seropositive kidney transplant recipients and is associated with a risk of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD).
Methods: Data from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network were used to examine patterns of belatacept use, describe patient characteristics, and estimate risk of PTLD in EBV-seropositive, kidney-only transplant recipients receiving belatacept- or calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based immunosuppression as part of US Food and Drug Administration-mandated safety monitoring.
Results: During the study period (June 15, 2011-June 14, 2016), 94.
Transplant Proc
January 2025
Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Infectious complications significantly impact morbidity and mortality following lung transplantation (LuTx), with over 25% of post-transplant deaths attributed to infections. Antibiotic prophylaxis during the surgical procedure is crucial for reducing early infections, though the current use of wide-spectrum antibiotics, especially in cases of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), is contentious and varies widely across centre. This practice raises concerns about antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in immunosuppressed patients requiring lifelong healthcare access.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Pathol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Aims: In cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients (LTRs), graft dysfunction due to acute infections, rejection or chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is difficult to distinguish. Characterisation of the airway inflammatory milieu could help detect and prevent graft dysfunction. We speculated that an eosinophil or neutrophil-rich milieu is associated with higher risk of CLAD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Haematol
January 2025
Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and lymphomas in immunocompromised individuals represent significant clinical challenges, with a limited understanding of their pathogenesis. We investigated a PTLD cohort (n = 50) consisting of 'early lesions' (infectious mononucleosis-like PTLD, plasmacytic and follicular hyperplasias), polymorphic PTLD and post-transplant diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PT-DLBCL). The study also included 15 DLBCL with autoimmune/immunocompromised backgrounds (IS-DLBCL) and 14 DLBCL, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS), as control.
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