Exploring the Role of in Heat Tolerance at Seedling and Adult Stages of Wheat through Transcriptome Analysis.

Heat stress is a major abiotic stress that can cause serious losses of a crop. Our previous work identified a gene involved in heat stress tolerance in wheat, . To further investigate its mechanisms, in the present study, RNAi-silenced transgenic wheat and the wild type were comparatively analyzed at both the seedling and adult stages, with or without heat stress, using transcriptome sequencing. A total of 15,549 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at the adult stage and 20,535 DEGs were detected at the seedling stage. After heat stress, an enrichment of pathways such as phytohormones and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was mainly found in the seedling stage, and pathways related to metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, circadian rhythms, and ABC transporter were enriched in the adult stage. Auxin and abscisic acid were downregulated in the seedling stage and vice versa in the adult stage; and the , , and no apical meristem gene families were downregulated in the seedling stage in response to heat stress and upregulated in the adult stage in response to heat stress. This study deepens our understanding of the mechanisms of in regard to heat stress in wheat at the seedling and adult stages.