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How chemokines organize the tumour microenvironment. | LitMetric

How chemokines organize the tumour microenvironment.

Nat Rev Cancer

Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Published: January 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • For our immune system to fight cancer, special blood cells need to move from the bloodstream into the tumors and find their way to specific areas within the tumor.
  • These cells then work together and interact with other important cells to help either fight the cancer or not, depending on how they interact.
  • Understanding how these cells and chemical signals (called chemokines) guide each other can help us discover better ways to treat cancer and understand how the immune system works against it.

Article Abstract

For our immune system to contain or eliminate malignant solid tumours, both myeloid and lymphoid haematopoietic cells must not only extravasate from the bloodstream into the tumour tissue but also further migrate to various specialized niches of the tumour microenvironment to functionally interact with each other, with non-haematopoietic stromal cells and, ultimately, with cancer cells. These interactions regulate local immune cell survival, proliferative expansion, differentiation and their execution of pro-tumour or antitumour effector functions, which collectively determine the outcome of spontaneous or therapeutically induced antitumour immune responses. None of these interactions occur randomly but are orchestrated and critically depend on migratory guidance cues provided by chemokines, a large family of chemotactic cytokines, and their receptors. Understanding the functional organization of the tumour immune microenvironment inevitably requires knowledge of the multifaceted roles of chemokines in the recruitment and positioning of its cellular constituents. Gaining such knowledge will not only generate new insights into the mechanisms underlying antitumour immunity or immune tolerance but also inform the development of biomarkers (or 'biopatterns') based on spatial tumour tissue analyses, as well as novel strategies to therapeutically engineer immune responses in patients with cancer. Here we will discuss recent observations on the role of chemokines in the tumour microenvironment in the context of our knowledge of their physiological functions in development, homeostasis and antimicrobial responses.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11480775PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41568-023-00635-wDOI Listing

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