A cavity loadlock apparatus for next-generation quantum optics experiments.

Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), the study of the interaction between quantized emitters and photons confined in an optical cavity, is an important tool for quantum science in computing, networking, and synthetic matter. In atomic cavity QED, this approach typically relies upon an ultrahigh vacuum chamber that hosts a cold trapped atomic ensemble and an optical cavity. Upgrading the cavity necessitates a months-long laborious process of removing external optics, venting, replacing the resonator, baking, and replacing optics, constituting a substantial bottleneck to innovation in resonator design. In this work, we demonstrate that the flexibility of optical cavities and the quick turnaround time in switching between them can be restored with the vacuum loadlock technique-reducing the cycle time to install a cavity, bake it, and transport it into the science chamber for days, achieving 3 × 10-10 Torr pressure in the science chamber. By reducing vacuum limitations, this approach is particularly powerful for labs interested in quickly exploring novel optic cavities or any other atomic physics relying on in-vacuum optics.