Microvascular decompression using autologous muscle graft for trigeminal neuralgia: a case series and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We aimed to describe a case series of patients diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) who were submitted to microvascular decompression (MVD) using autologous muscle graft (AMG) and perform a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Forty-four adult patients who underwent MVD using AMG between 2012 and 2022 were studied retrospectively. Demographic, clinical, and surgical factors were assessed. We systematically reviewed PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to May 2023. We used random-effects model for all outcomes. Heterogeneity was assessed with I. We used R software 4.3.1 for all statistical analyses.

Results: Among patients in the case series, the mean age was 52 ± 12.9 years, and the proportion of females was 65.9%. Forty-one patients (93.2%) presented complete pain relief after a mean follow-up of 7.7 years. The pooled analysis of immediate pain relief was 91.3% (95% CI 82-96%; I=78%). The good pain relief during follow-up was 88.2% (95% CI 78-94%; I=80%) at follow-up. The recurrence rates at 6, 12, 36 months, and during follow-up were 6.2%, 10.5%, 10.3%, and 11%, respectively.

Conclusion: In this case series and meta-analysis of over 440 patients, our findings suggest that the practice of MVD using AMG may be an efficient option in the short term as surgical treatment for TN. Further trials should compare AMG with other materials and its effectiveness in a long-term follow-up.