This article is a historical and prospective review of keratoconus and ectatic corneal diseases. It covers definitions and terminology, the prevalence of keratoconus, predisposing factors, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management, classifications, and progression criteria. It highlights other aspects of the disease that are usually over-missed, including the psychological, social, and economic impact. This review presents the information chronically in terms of the first author. It concludes by possessing the challenges and difficulties that are still to be overcome and suggests a plan.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ojo.ojo_70_23 | DOI Listing |
BMC Med Educ
December 2024
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hôpital Saint-Louis Et Lariboisière, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, Paris, F-75010, France.
Background: Historically, women have been shown to underestimate their abilities, while men often assess themselves more accurately or overestimate. This study aims to determine self-assessment accuracy during online Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) according to gender.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted among fourth-year medical students at Paris Cité University during faculty training OSCEs, utilizing Zoom® software for remote participation.
Ann Vasc Surg
December 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 755219, United States of America.
Background: Diabetic nephropathy remains a strong risk factor for chronic kidney disease progression. Hemoglobin A1C (HBA1C) has historically been used as a marker for complications related to diabetes.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between HBA1C and clinical complications in a patient population with end stage renal disease.
J Transl Med
December 2024
The Second Hospital and Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Sex is a fundamental biological variable that influences immune system function, with sex chromosomes (X and Y) playing a central role in these differences. Despite substantial evidence of disparities in immune responses between males and females, biomedical research has historically overlooked sex as a critical factor. This oversight has contributed to the observed disparities in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and malignancies between the sexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPract Radiat Oncol
December 2024
Mayo Clinic, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rochester, MN 55905.
Objectives: Spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) intentionally delivers a heterogeneous dose distribution characterized by alternating regions of high and low doses throughout a tumor. This modality may enhance response to subsequent whole tumor radiation in bulky and radioresistant lesions that are historically less responsive to conventional radiation doses alone. The current study presents a single institution experience with modern era SFRT using predominantly a volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) lattice technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Nephrol
December 2024
Division of Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1 Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
Background: Whether diabetic retinopathy (DR) can predict kidney disease progression in individuals with diabetes remains unclear. Furthermore, there are only a limited number of studies investigating the association between DR and kidney outcomes classified according to baseline kidney function and albuminuria status. Here, we examined the association of DR with kidney disease progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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