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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ojo.ojo_247_22 | DOI Listing |
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Ciliary length regulation by intraflagellar transport in zebrafish.
Elife
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Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
How cells regulate the size of their organelles remains a fundamental question in cell biology. Cilia, with their simple structure and surface localization, provide an ideal model for investigating organelle size control. However, most studies on cilia length regulation are primarily performed on several single-celled organisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Understanding the mechanisms that dictate the localization of cytoskeletal filaments is crucial for elucidating cell shape regulation in prokaryotes. The actin homolog MreB plays a pivotal role in maintaining the shape of many rod-shaped bacteria such as by directing cell-wall synthesis according to local curvature cues. However, the basis of MreB's curvature-dependent localization has remained elusive.
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December 2024
Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
is a common causative agent of infectious intestinal and systemic disease and has been extensively studied for several decades. Yet, much of pathogenicity remains a mystery due in part to the highly complex virulence and adaptation strategies at the pathogen's disposal. One of the more influential tools within the field, an attenuated deficient strain, has been used for many years to probe the host immune response that would otherwise be impossible with a fully virulent strain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne step closer to solving the mystery of the anti-inflammatory effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.
J Diabetes Investig
November 2024
Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are antidiabetic drugs that possess a suppressive effect on the progression of atherosclerosis, and it has been thought that their anti-inflammatory effect is involved in their effect, but the detailed mechanism was unknown. Recently, Ben Nasr and colleagues have proposed easily understood mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists. They discovered that some normal T cells express GLP-1 receptors on their cell membranes and showed that GLP-1 has an inhibitory effect on T-cell function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhy nature evolved GPI-anchored proteins: unique structure characteristics enable versatile cell surface functions.
Glycobiology
December 2024
Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
It remains a mystery why nature evolved the unique structural characteristics of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) and continues to sustain the complex, energy-intensive process of synthesizing these proteins. GPI-APs, despite their small size, rely on the coordinated activity of nearly 30 genes for their synthesis and remodeling, raising important evolutionary questions. The biological advantages of GPI-APs lie in their ability to rapidly redistribute across the cell membrane, localize within lipid rafts, utilize unique intracellular trafficking pathways, and function as both membrane-bound and soluble proteins.
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