Successful surgical correction of caudal duplication syndrome in a dog.

Objective: To describe a case of caudal duplication successfully operated with long-term follow-up.

Animal: A 12-week-old female Chihuahua mix.

Clinical Presentation, Progression, And Procedures: The dog of this report presented for evaluation of duplicate external organs, including 2 anuses, 2 vulvas, and 2 tails. The dog was clinically normal except for signs of cystitis. Contrast CT identified complete urogenital and anorectal duplication, characterized by duplication of the cecum, descending colon/rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, uterus, and ovaries, with left-sided rectovestibular fistula.

Treatment And Outcome: Exploratory laparotomy was performed to remove the left cecum and colon, the left ureter was transected and implanted into the right urinary bladder, the left bladder and urethra were removed, and bilateral ovariohysterectomy removed 4 ovaries and 2 uteruses. Following abdominal closure, the left anus and vulva with remaining portions of distal rectum and urethra, respectively, were removed en bloc with both tails. Long-term follow-up at 5 years showed the dog to be clinically normal.

Clinical Relevance: Caudal duplication is extremely rare in veterinary medicine, and this report details successful surgical correction with good long-term follow-up.