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Autoimmune Encephalitis in Catatonic and Treatment-Resistant Psychotic Patients Referred to Electroconvulsive Therapy: Two Case Reports and Systematic Review.
J ECT
December 2024
From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) tends to manifest as a mixture of neuropsychiatric and somatic symptoms, either of which may predominate, and often shows a progressive clinical course sometimes leading to life-threatening conditions. Catatonic and psychotic syndromes, regardless of whether associated with dysautonomia, are common manifestations of AE, especially concerning the anti-NMDAR subtype. Several autoantibodies targeting different neuronal epitopes have been linked to specific clinical manifestations and their detection is embedded in some of the diagnostic criteria for AE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatric manifestations of encephalitis.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Encephalitis Center, Johns Hopkin School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Objective: Encephalitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition of infectious or autoimmune cause. We aim to characterize the frequency and clinical spectrum of presenting psychiatric symptoms in encephalitis in order to inform earlier recognition and initiation of treatment.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of adult patients who met the 2013 International Encephalitis Consortium (IEC) and/or 2016 Graus criteria between February 2005 and February 2023.
Complete Resolution of Catatonia Following a Single Intravenous Lorazepam Challenge Test: An Early Intervention in Psychosis Case Report.
Psychopharmacol Bull
January 2025
Ali Mustafa, Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Berrywood Hospital, Berrywood Drive, Northampton, UK.
Alternative treatment in adolescent with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis catatonia.
Neurocase
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Article Synopsis
- An adolescent with ANMDAE and catatonia was treated with zolpidem after traditional treatments like benzodiazepines and ECT failed.
- ANMDAE presents with neuropsychiatric symptoms, including memory issues, seizures, and catatonia, which can lead to serious medical complications.
- Current guidelines offer limited options for treating catatonia in young patients who don't respond to standard treatments, and zolpidem may be a viable alternative.
Phelan-McDermid syndrome-associated psychosis: a systematic review.
Acta Neuropsychiatr
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Phelan-McDermid syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with various neurodevelopmental and psychiatric issues, with psychosis being less commonly reported but still significant.
- A systematic review gathered data from 18 English-language articles on 35 individuals to examine psychosis characteristics, its association with other symptoms, and responses to antipsychotic treatments.
- Findings suggest psychosis typically starts around age 17, with many also experiencing catatonia and mood symptoms; while antipsychotic treatments showed some effectiveness, more high-quality research is needed to guide treatment options.
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