Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is a fundamental contributor to health, yet it is rarely examined relative to gender expression, particularly gender non-conformity and sexual orientation.
Methods: We use data from 11 242 Wave V respondents (aged 33-44) in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (2016-2018) to examine associations between socially assigned gender expression, sexual orientation and SES, in logistic and multinomial regression models stratified by sex assigned at birth.
Results: Among both women and men a general pattern of heightened risk for lower SES among gender non-conforming sexual minorities relative to gender conforming heterosexuals was observed. Gender non-conforming heterosexuals were also at elevated risk of lower SES compared with their conforming heterosexual peers.
Conclusion: Socioeconomic differences by sexual orientation and gender expression have important implications for understanding health disparities among gender non-conforming sexual minorities and their gender conforming heterosexual counterparts.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10850725 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2022-220164 | DOI Listing |
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