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Berberine ameliorates seizure activity and cardiac dysfunction in pentylenetetrazol-kindling seizures in rats: Modulation of sigma1 receptor, Akt/eNOS signaling, and ferroptosis.
Neuropharmacology
January 2025
Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai 46612, Egypt.
Seizures can lead to cardiac dysfunction. Multiple pathways contribute to this phenomenon, of which the chaperone sigma-1 receptor (S1R) signaling represents a promising nexus between the abnormalities seen in both epilepsy and ensuing cardiac complications. The study explored the potential of Berberine (BER), a promising S1R agonist, in treating epilepsy and associated cardiac abnormalities in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling rat model of epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgressive central cardiorespiratory rate downregulation and intensifying epilepsy lead to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in mouse model of the most common human ATP1A3 mutation.
Epilepsia
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Objective: This study was undertaken to test the following hypotheses in the Atp1a3 mouse (which carries the most common human ATP1A3 (the major subunit of the neuronal Na/K-adenosine triphosphatase [ATPase]) mutation, D801N): sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) occurs during seizures and is due to terminal apneas in some and due to lethal cardiac arrhythmias in others; and Atp1a3 mice have central cardiorespiratory dysregulation and abnormal respiratory drive.
Methods: Comparison was made of littermate wild-type and Atp1a3 groups using (1) simultaneous in vivo video-telemetry recordings of electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, and breathing; (2) whole-body plethysmography; and (3) hypoglossal nerve recordings.
Results: In Atp1a3 mice, (1) SUDEP consistently occurred during seizures that were more severe than preterminal seizures; (2) seizure clustering occurred in periods preceding SUDEP; (3) slowing of breathing rate (BR) and heart rate was observed preictally before preterminal and terminal seizures; and (4) the sequence during terminal seizures was as follows: bradypnea with bradycardia/cardiac arrhythmias, then terminal apnea, followed by terminal cardiac arrhythmias.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses significant risks for solid organ transplant recipients, who have atypical but poorly characterized immune responses to infection. We aim to understand the host immunologic and microbial features of COVID-19 in transplant recipients by leveraging a prospective multicenter cohort of 86 transplant recipients age- and sex-matched with 172 non-transplant controls. We find that transplant recipients have higher nasal SARS-CoV-2 viral abundance and impaired viral clearance, and lower anti-spike IgG levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronary atherosclerosis in athletes: emerging concepts and preventive strategies.
Eur Heart J
January 2025
Heart, Exercise and Research Trials (HEART) Lab, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.
There should be no assumption that an athlete is immune to coronary artery disease (CAD), even when traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors appear well-managed. Excelling in certain aspects of health does not equate to total CV protection. Recent data from cardiac imaging studies have raised the possibility that long-term, high-volume, high-intensity endurance exercise is associated with coronary atherosclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOcclusion of Abnormal Circumflex Coronary Artery During Mitral Valve Repair.
Ann Thorac Surg Short Rep
June 2024
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.
We describe a rare but interesting complication of totally endoscopic robotic mitral valve repair in a patient with severe mitral regurgitation. The mitral valve was repaired robotically by standard techniques, and the intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram demonstrated no residual mitral regurgitation. However, there was unexpected hypokinesia of the posterior and lateral walls of the left ventricle, with subsequent electrocardiography showing acute ST elevations of the lateral segment.
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