The present work investigates the role of the external electric field (EEF) in boosting the C-N cross-coupling reaction between 2-chlorobenzoic acid and propylamine, by computing the reaction rates and energy barrier. The investigation suggests that the reaction can become barrierless by choosing an electric field in the appropriate direction, resulting in a quadrillionfold increase in the reaction rate in the presence of an EEF. We also found that the efficiency of the electric field depends on the dipole moment of the reactants, and hence, the results of the present work are general in nature and should be applicable to a variety of C-N cross-coupling reactions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3cp04723g | DOI Listing |
Water Res
January 2025
Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute (GTSI), Tianjin University, Shenzhen 518067, China. Electronic address:
Nitrogen recovery from urine and CO utilization are both vital for achieving a circular economy and mitigating climate change. Divided engineering solutions have been proposed to address either problem, but there is still a lack of integrated technologies to simultaneously tackle the two tasks. We demonstrated CO-driven ion exchange for nitrogen recovery (CIXNR) from urine and evaluated the process in Malawi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France.
We study the influence of electrical biasing on the modification of the chemical composition and electrical performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by coupling electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) techniques. EIS reveals the formation of charge accumulation at the interfaces and changes in the resistive and capacitive properties. STXM study on PSCs after applying a strong electric field for a long biasing time indicates the breakdown of methylammonium (MA) cation, promoting iodide ions to migrate and create defects at the interface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, P. R. China.
Constructing a built-in electric field (BIEF) within heterostructures has emerged as a compelling strategy for advancing electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Herein, the p-n type nanosheet array heterojunction NiP-NCDs-Co(OH)-NF are successfully prepared. The variation in interaction affinity between nitrogen within N-doped carbon dots (NCDs) and Ni/Co induces charge redistribution between Co and Ni in the NiP-NCDs-Co(OH)-NF-3 heterostructure, thereby enhancing the intensity of the BIEF, facilitating electron transfer, and markedly improving OER activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
The local electric field (LEF) plays an important role in the catalytic process; however, the precise construction and manipulation of the electric field microenvironment around the active site remains a significant challenge. Here, we have developed a supramolecular strategy for the implementation of a LEF by introducing the host macrocycle 18-crown-6 (18C6) into a cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc)-containing covalent organic framework (COF). Utilizing the supramolecular interaction between 18C6 and potassium ion (K), a locally enhanced K concentration around CoPc can be built to generate a LEF microenvironment around the catalytically active Co site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioelectromagnetics
January 2025
Department of Electrical Engineering and ITEMS, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
As the clinical applicability of peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) expands, the need for PNS-specific safety criteria becomes pressing. This study addresses this need, utilizing a novel machine learning and computational bio-electromagnetics modeling platform to establish a safety criterion that captures the effects of fields and currents induced on axons. Our approach is comprised of three steps: experimentation, model creation, and predictive simulation.
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