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| http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.1338-22 | DOI Listing |
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Breast milk induces the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, promoting human cytomegalovirus infection.
J Virol
September 2024
Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Unlabelled: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus found in human breast milk that is frequently transmitted from HCMV-seropositive mothers to their infants during the postnatal period. Despite extensive research, the mechanisms underlying HCMV transmission from breast milk and the anatomical location at which virus transfer takes place remain unclear. Breast milk contains many uniquely differentiated macrophages that undergo specific morphological and functional modifications in the mammary gland during lactation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of surgical intervention on peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cell activity in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).
Sleep Breath
October 2024
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of surgical intervention on peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cell activity in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).
Methods: A total of 36 OSAHS children, 32 children with tonsillar hypertrophy, and 30 healthy children were enrolled. Clinical data and polysomnography (PSG) results were collected.
Oligoclonal CD4CXCR5 T cells with a cytotoxic phenotype appear in tonsils and blood.
Commun Biol
July 2024
Institute of Pathology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
In clinical situations, peripheral blood accessible CD3CD4CXCR5 T-follicular helper (T) cells may have to serve as a surrogate indicator for dysregulated germinal center responses in tissues. To determine the heterogeneity of T cells in peripheral blood versus tonsils, CD3CD4CD45RACXCR5 cells of both origins were sorted. Transcriptomes, TCR repertoires and cell-surface protein expression were analysed by single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue-specific sex differences in pediatric and adult immune cell composition and function.
Front Immunol
May 2024
Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines how sex-based differences in immune cell composition and function affect adaptive immune responses in human lymphoid tissues, specifically tonsils.
- It found that female tonsils had more memory B cells and produced stronger antibody responses to influenza, particularly after live-attenuated vaccination, compared to male tonsils.
- Additionally, differences in CD4 T cell profiles were seen in adults, indicating that these variations may help explain why males and females respond differently to vaccines and viral infections.
Therapeutic Effect of Schwann Cell-Like Cells Differentiated from Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Diabetic Neuropathy in db/db Mice.
Tissue Eng Regen Med
July 2024
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 25 Magokdong-ro-2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
Background: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most common complication of diabetes, and approximately 50% of patients with this disease suffer from peripheral neuropathy. Nerve fiber loss in DN occurs due to myelin defects and is characterized by symptoms of impaired nerve function. Schwann cells (SCs) are the main support cells of the peripheral nervous system and play important roles in several pathways contributing to the pathogenesis and development of DN.
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