Identification of Novel Alkaloids from L. and Characterization of Their Pharmacokinetics and GLP-1 Secretion-Promoting Activity in STC-1 Cells.

Six new alkaloids (compounds -) were isolated from L. The compounds were triple pair ( and , and , and and ) enantiomers, with , , and in the -configuration and , , and in the -configuration, and all could bind to SUR1 according to molecular docking analysis. Treatment of STC-1 cells with each compound led to an influx of intracellular Ca, eventually leading to the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), with compound giving the highest secretion, resulting in 24.3 ± 7.03% more GLP-1 than nateglinide-treated cells, suggesting that these alkaloids may be able to reduce blood glucose based on their ability to stimulate the release of GLP-1. Furthermore, compound also exhibited slightly faster absorption than nateglinide, as shown by pharmacokinetic analysis conducted in rats. Therefore, the results showed that some purslane alkaloids (such as compound ) had good pharmacological activity and may have preventive and therapeutic effects on diabetes.