The centrosome is a non-membrane-bound organelle that is conserved across most animal cells and serves various functions throughout the cell cycle. In dividing cells, the centrosome is known as the spindle pole and nucleates a robust microtubule spindle to separate genetic material equally into two daughter cells. In non-dividing cells, the mother centriole, a substructure of the centrosome, matures into a basal body and nucleates cilia, which acts as a signal-transducing antenna. The functions of centrosomes and their substructures are important for embryonic development and have been studied extensively using in vitro mammalian cell culture or in vivo using invertebrate models. However, there are considerable differences in the composition and functions of centrosomes during different aspects of vertebrate development, and these are less studied. In this Review, we discuss the roles played by centrosomes, highlighting conserved and divergent features across species, particularly during fertilization and embryonic development.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10730021 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.261387 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Interplay of aurora kinase a functional residues and Epstein-barr Nuclear Antigen 1 in Epstein-barr virus associated Gastric cancer using AGS cells.
BMC Cancer
January 2025
Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, MP, India.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic gamma-herpesvirus, belongs to group 1 carcinogen and is implicated in various cancers, including gastric cancer. Aurora Kinase A is a major mitotic protein kinase that regulates mitotic progression; overexpression and hyperactivation of AURKA commonly promote genomic instability in many tumours. However, the relationship of functional residues of AURKA and EBV in gastric cancer progression remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Gene Product STIL Is Essential for Dendritic Spine Formation.
Cells
January 2025
Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 480-0392, Aichi, Japan.
Dendritic spine formation/maintenance is highly dependent on actin cytoskeletal dynamics, which is regulated by small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42 through their downstream p21-activated kinase/LIM-kinase-I/cofilin pathway. ARHGEF7, also known as ß-PIX, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 and Cdc42, thereby activating Rac1/Cdc42 and the downstream pathway, leading to the upregulation of spine formation/maintenance. We found that STIL, one of the primary microcephaly gene products, is associated with ARHGEF7 in dendritic spines and that knockdown of resulted in a significant reduction in dendritic spines in neurons both in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentriolar cap proteins CP110 and CPAP control slow elongation of microtubule plus ends.
J Cell Biol
March 2025
Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Centrioles are microtubule-based organelles required for the formation of centrosomes and cilia. Centriolar microtubules, unlike their cytosolic counterparts, are stable and grow very slowly, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we reconstituted in vitro the interplay between the proteins that cap distal centriole ends and control their elongation: CP110, CEP97, and CPAP/SAS-4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentromere positioning orchestrates telomere bouquet formation and the initiation of meiotic differentiation.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Zacarías González 2, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
Accurate gametogenesis requires the establishment of the telomere bouquet, an evolutionarily conserved, 3D chromosomal arrangement. In this spatial configuration, telomeres temporarily aggregate at the nuclear envelope during meiotic prophase, which facilitates chromosome pairing and recombination. The mechanisms governing the assembly of the telomere bouquet remain largely unexplored, primarily due to the challenges in visualizing and manipulating the bouquet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights into NEK2 inhibitors as antitumor agents: From mechanisms to potential therapeutics.
Eur J Med Chem
January 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Healthand, Department of Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:
NEK2, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is integral to mitotic events such as centrosome duplication and separation, microtubule stabilization, spindle assembly checkpoint, and kinetochore attachment. However, NEK2 overexpression leads to centrosome amplification and chromosomal instability, which are significantly associated with various malignancies, including liver, breast, and non-small cell lung cancer. This overexpression could facilitate tumor development and confer resistance to therapy by promoting aberrant cell division and centrosome amplification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!