Involvement of IL-10 gene polymorphism (rs1800896) and IL-10 level in the development of periimplantitis.

Background: Dental implant loss is the worst problem. Today, implant failure is precisely characterized, however the underlying reasons vary by instance. Multiple implant failures indicate genetic risk factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 80 subjects (15 peri-implantitis patients, 35 successful implants and 30 healthy controls); their mean age was 44.22±10.936 years). Blood samples and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) were collected from all subjects (patients with peri-implantitits, successful implants and healthy controls) attending the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the Dental College Teaching Hospital/Baghdad University, and Shahid Ghazi Al-Hariri Hospital/Medical City Baghdad, Iraq. The blood sample is used for the detection of gene polymorphism of Interleukin-10 conducted by a polymerase chain reaction. While the PISF is used to measure IL-10 level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: In the peri-implantitis group, CC genotypes had higher PISF for IL-10 than TC and TT genotypes (P<0.05). IL-10 genetic polymorphism indicated an odds ratio of genotype related to peri-implantitis, with the C/C genotype having a 0.4-fold greater risk (P=0.0035). In the peri-implantitis group, the T/C genotype had a 1.3-fold greater risk (P<0.05) and the T/T genotype had a one-fold increased risk.

Conclusions: The polymorphisms of IL-10 rs1800896 evaluated were not predictive of the failure of dental implants. However, a significant association between peri-implant disease and IL-10 level could be observed.