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Sex-Based Bias in Artificial Intelligence-Based Segmentation Models in Clinical Oncology.
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)
January 2025
Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address:
Artificial intelligence (AI) advancements have accelerated applications of imaging in clinical oncology, especially in revolutionizing the safe and accurate delivery of state-of-the-art imaging-guided radiotherapy techniques. However, concerns are growing over the potential for sex-related bias and the omission of female-specific data in multi-organ segmentation algorithm development pipelines. Opportunities exist for addressing sex-specific data as a source of bias, and improving sex inclusion to adequately inform the development of AI-based technologies to ensure their fairness, generalizability and equitable distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAerolysin Nanopore Electrochemistry.
Acc Chem Res
January 2025
Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
ConspectusIons are the crucial signaling components for living organisms. In cells, their transportation across pore-forming membrane proteins is vital for regulating physiological functions, such as generating ionic current signals in response to target molecule recognition. This ion transport is affected by confined interactions and local environments within the protein pore.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterogeneous Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysts: Rational Structure Design and Mechanistic Elucidation Based on Intrinsic Properties of Supports.
Acc Chem Res
January 2025
The Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
ConspectusThe discovery of reversible hydrogenation using metal-free phosphoborate species in 2006 marked the official advent of frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry. This breakthrough revolutionized homogeneous catalysis approaches and paved the way for innovative catalytic strategies. The unique reactivity of FLPs is attributed to the Lewis base (LB) and Lewis acid (LA) sites either in spatial separation or in equilibrium, which actively react with molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrban sensing in the era of large language models.
Innovation (Camb)
January 2025
Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Urban sensing has become increasingly important as cities evolve into the centers of human activities. Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for urban sensing based on commonsense and worldview that emerged through their language-centric framework. This paper illustrates the transformative impact of LLMs, particularly in the potential of advancing next-generation urban sensing for exploring urban mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevolutionizing Drug Delivery: A Design Professional's Approach to Drug-loaded Transferosomal Vesicles for Transdermal Use.
Pharm Nanotechnol
January 2025
Department of General Medicine, SRMC & RI, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai -600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
Aim: This study aimed to develop and evaluate lornoxicam (LXM) and thiocolchicoside (TCS) transferosomal transdermal patches.
Background: Oral administration of LXM and TCS can lead to gastric irritation, necessitating alternative delivery methods for pain and inflammation relief. Incorporating LXM & TCS into transferosomes within a transdermal patch offers a potential solution.
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