Pest categorisation of , and .

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Borchsenius the pine oyster scale, (Maskell) the Oriental pine scale and Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) for the EU, following a commodity risk assessment of dwarfed grafted onto from China in which the three species were identified as pests of possible concern to the EU. All three species are native to Asia. is only known from China; occurs in China, Japan and Malaysia; and is present in China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and has been introduced to the USA. All three species feed primarily on spp., including several important forestry and ornamental trees, and and have adapted to feed on North American species of pine. also feeds on ; on sp., , spp., spp., sp. and sp.; and on spp. and . All developmental stages occur on the foliage. Host plants for planting and cut branches with foliage could provide pathways into the EU. However, prohibitions on the import of close the main pathway. Certain dwarfed spp. from Japan are provided with a derogation for entry into the EU. The main hosts ( spp.) occur throughout the EU in climate zones that match those where the three species occur in Asia. If any of the three species were to enter the EU, conditions in most of the EU are conducive to establishment. Following establishment, impacts on pines by and would be expected. There are no published reports of causing damage to pine. and satisfy the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for them to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pests. does not satisfy the criteria, as there is no evidence that it is harmful; however, there is a key uncertainty regarding whether it is synonymous with a closely related species, , which is recorded as a pest of pine in China.