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Meta-omic profiling reveals ubiquity of genes encoding for the nitrogen-rich biopolymer cyanophycin in activated sludge microbiomes. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Recovering nitrogen from municipal wastewater can help combat nutrient pollution and promote sustainability, but current methods are mainly suited for high-strength waste, making it difficult to apply to mainstream systems.
  • The study identified that the cyanophycin synthesis gene is common in activated sludge bacteria, indicating its potential for nitrogen bioconcentration and the simultaneous recovery of phosphorus in the same organisms.
  • This research provides a foundation for future investigations into combining nitrogen and phosphorus recovery, which could make nitrogen recovery technologies more practical and widely used in wastewater treatment.

Article Abstract

Recovering nitrogen (N) from municipal wastewater is a promising approach to prevent nutrient pollution, reduce energy use, and transition toward a circular N bioeconomy, but remains a technologically challenging endeavor. Existing N recovery techniques are optimized for high-strength, low-volume wastewater. Therefore, developing methods to concentrate dilute N from mainstream wastewater will bridge the gap between existing technologies and practical implementation. The N-rich biopolymer cyanophycin is a promising candidate for N bioconcentration due to its pH-tunable solubility characteristics and potential for high levels of accumulation. However, the cyanophycin synthesis pathway is poorly explored in engineered microbiomes. In this study, we analyzed over 3,700 publicly available metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) and found that the cyanophycin synthesis gene was ubiquitous across common activated sludge bacteria. We found that was present in common phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAO) 'Accumulibacter' and suggesting potential for simultaneous N and P bioconcentration in the same organisms. Using metatranscriptomic data, we confirmed the expression of in lab-scale bioreactors enriched with PAO. Our findings suggest that cyanophycin synthesis is a ubiquitous metabolic activity in activated sludge microbiomes. The possibility of combined N and P bioconcentration could lower barriers to entry for N recovery, since P concentration by PAO is already a widespread biotechnology in municipal wastewater treatment. We anticipate this work to be a starting point for future evaluations of combined N and P bioaccumulation, with the ultimate goal of advancing widespread adoption of N recovery from municipal wastewater.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10687191PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1287491DOI Listing

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