Humans and cyber-physical systems as teammates? Characteristics and applicability of the human-machine-teaming concept in intelligent manufacturing.

The paper explores and comments on the theoretical concept of human-machine-teaming in intelligent manufacturing. Industrial production is an important area of work applications and should be developed toward a more anthropocentric Industry 4.0/5.0. Teaming is used a design metaphor for human-centered integration of workers and complex cyber-physical-production systems using artificial intelligence. Concrete algorithmic solutions for technical processes should be based on theoretical concepts. A combination of literature scoping review and commentary was used to identify key characteristics for teaming applicable to the work environment addressed. From the body of literature, five criteria were selected and commented on. Two characteristics seemed particularly promising to guide the development of human-centered artificial intelligence and create tangible benefits in the mid-term: complementarity and shared knowledge/goals. These criteria are outlined with two industrial examples: human-robot-collaboration in assembly and intelligent decision support in thermal spraying. The main objective of the paper is to contribute to the discourse on human-centered artificial intelligence by exploring the theoretical concept of human-machine-teaming from a human-oriented perspective. Future research should focus on the empirical implementation and evaluation of teaming characteristics from different transdisciplinary viewpoints.