Background: Traditional methods for diagnosing dementia are costly, time-consuming, and somewhat invasive. Since the retina shares significant anatomical similarities with the brain, retinal abnormalities detected via optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have been studied as a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative disorders; however, the most effective retinal changes remain a mystery to be unraveled in this review.
Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between retinal abnormalities in OCT/OCTA images and cognitive decline as well as evaluating biomarkers' effectiveness in detecting neurodegenerative diseases.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until December 2022, resulted in 64 papers using agreed search keywords, and inclusion/exclusion criteria.
Results: The superior peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) is a trustworthy biomarker to identify most Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases; however, it is inefficient when dealing with mild AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The global pRNFL (pRNFL-G) is another reliable biomarker to discriminate frontotemporal dementia from mild AD and healthy controls (HCs), moderate AD and MCI from HCs, as well as identifing pathological Aβ/tau in cognitively healthy individuals. Conversely, pRNFL-G fails to realize mild AD and the progression of AD. The average pRNFL thickness variation is considered a viable biomarker to monitor the progression of AD. Finally, the superior and average pRNFL thicknesses are considered consistent for advanced AD but not for early/mild AD.
Conclusions: Retinal changes may indicate dementia, but further research is needed to confirm the most effective biomarkers for early and mild AD.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657718 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ADR-230042 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography: Technological development and applications in brain science.
Theranostics
January 2025
School of Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Vascular & Tumor Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Brain diseases are a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Early detection can lead to earlier intervention and better outcomes for patients. In recent years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging have been widely used in stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and brain cancer due to their advantages of , unlabeled, and high-resolution 3D microvessel imaging at the capillary resolution level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRetinal Imaging Analysis Performed By ChatGPT-4o And Gemini Advanced: The Turning Point Of The Revolution?
Retina
December 2024
Ophthalmology Department, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS", 00168 Rome, Italy.
Purpose: To assess the diagnostic capabilities of the most recent chatbots releases, GPT-4o and Gemini Advanced, facing different retinal diseases.
Methods: Exploratory analysis on 50 cases with different surgical (n=27) and medical (n=23) retinal pathologies, whose optical coherence tomography/angiography (OCT/OCTA) scans were dragged into ChatGPT and Gemini's interfaces. Then, we asked "Please describe this image" and classified the diagnosis as: 1) Correct; 2) Partially correct; 3) Wrong; 4) Unable to assess exam type and 5) Diagnosis not given.
Evaluation of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography findings of fibromyalgia.
Int Ophthalmol
December 2024
Eye Clinic, University of Health Sciences Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, 34766, Umraniye, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: To execute comprehensive study about optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in fibromyalgia (FM) to elaborate macula, optic disk changes.
Methods: A total of 84 participants comprising 44 FM patients and 40 healthy controls were included. Macular full thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL)+, GCL++, superficial vessel density (SVD), deep vessel density (DVD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), circumpapillary vessel density (cpVD), RNFL measurements were evaluated using OCT/OCTA.
Advanced Analysis of OCT/OCTA Images for Accurately Differentiating Between Glaucoma and Healthy Eyes Using Deep Learning Techniques.
Clin Ophthalmol
November 2024
Centre Ophtalmologique de RIVE, Geneve, Switzerland.
Purpose: To evaluate the discriminative power of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images, identifying the best image combination for differentiating glaucoma from healthy eyes using deep learning (DL) with a convolutional neural network (CNN).
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 157 subjects contributing 1,106 eye scans. We used en-face images of the superficial and choroid layers for OCTA-based vessel density and OCT-based structural thickness of the macula (M) and optic disc (D).
Perifoveal Exudative Vascular Anomalous Complex (PEVAC): Retinal Vascular Density Findings.
J Clin Med
November 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
: This study aimed to describe the clinical, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) findings and characteristics in patients with perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex (PEVAC) and compare the macular vascular density with the age-matched control group. : We conducted a case-control study to compare demographic information, clinical observations, and OCT/OCTA findings in eyes with PEVAC ( = 5 eyes in 5 patients) and a control group of subjects matched for age ( = 9). The Advanced Retina Imaging (ARI) network algorithms were utilized to evaluate OCTA observations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!