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Growth and Nutritional Biomarkers in Brazilian Infants with Cow's Milk Allergy at Diagnosis and 18-Month Follow-Up: A Prospective Cohort Study. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focused on comparing the growth and nutritional status of Brazilian infants with cow's milk allergy (CMPA) to healthy infants over 18 months.
  • Thirty CMPA infants and 24 age-matched control infants were monitored for growth and micronutrient levels through blood and urine samples, with various factors considered in the analysis.
  • While CMPA infants showed better growth outcomes by 18 months, they were found to have deficiencies in iron, iodine, and vitamin B12 compared to their non-allergic peers.

Article Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the growth, body protein status, and micronutrient biomarkers of Brazilian infants with cow's milk allergy (CMPA) at baseline and at 18 months of follow-up in comparison with their healthy peers.

Methods: Thirty infants with CMPA younger than six months of age were included in this longitudinal study, and their nutritional status was compared with that of 24 non-allergic age-matched children. Anthropometric measurements were used to assess growth, and blood and urine samples were analyzed for protein and micronutrient status. Mixed linear models adjusted for birth weight, socioeconomic status, infant feeding at baseline, weight-for-age, C-reactive protein, serum albumin, micronutrient dietary supplementation, and salt consumption were employed to evaluate the evolution of nutritional parameters throughout the follow-up period.

Results: Overall, the mean age of the children at enrolment was 2.9 (standard deviation 1.7) months, and 29 children (53.7%) were male. Infants with CMPA showed a higher prevalence of functional iron depletion (transferrin saturation <20) (=0.027), lower serum ferritin (=0.009), and lower urinary iodine (=0.034) levels than non-allergic children at baseline. Patients with CMPA showed a higher increment in weight-for-age and length-for-age over time than those in the control group (<0.01). Mixed linear analyses showed a significantly lower increase in serum vitamin B12 (s-B12) (=0.001) and urinary iodine (<0.001) concentrations over time compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Infants with CMPA on a cow's milk elimination diet had a higher weight and length at 18 months of follow-up but showed signs of inadequate iron, iodine, and B-12 vitamin status.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651362PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.6.355DOI Listing

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