The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between social mobility and cognitive impairment among older adults in Korea. The study sample is drawn from nationally representative data, which comes from the 2016 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The final sample consists of 4264 KLoSA respondents aged 65 or older. Gender-specific logistic regression models are used to examine the association between social mobility and cognitive impairment. The results show that, when compared to the reference group (stable low social mobility), women in the downward and the stable high social mobility groups were less likely to have cognitive impairment. In contrast, upward social mobility was a protective factor for cognitive impairment only among men. Gender-specific interventions may be needed to enhance cognitive health among older Koreans. Further research is needed to examine the causal relations between social mobility and cognitive health between the genders.
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