[Clinical characteristics and genetic analysis of two children with Familial glucocorticoid deficiency type 1 due to variants of MC2R gene].

Objective: To improve the recognition of Familial glucocorticoid deficiency type 1 (FGD1) due to variants of melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) gene.

Methods: Two children with FGD1 diagnosed at the Henan Children's Hospital respectively in 2019 and 2021 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data, treatment, follow-up and results of genetic testing were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Whole exome sequencing revealed that both children had harbored compound heterozygous variants of the MC2R gene, including c.433C>T (p.R145C) and c.710T>C (p.L237P) in child 1, and c.145delG (p.V49Cfs*35) and c.307G>A (p.D103N) in child 2, among which c.710T>C (p.L237P) and c.145delG (p.V49Cfs*35) were unreported previously.

Conclusion: FGD1 is clinically rare, and genetic sequencing is crucial for the definite diagnosis. Discovery of the and novel variants has enriched the mutational spectrum of the FGD1 gene.