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Macrolides of different ring sizes are critically important antimicrobials for human medicine and veterinary medicine, though the widely used 15-membered ring azithromycin in humans is not approved for use in veterinary medicine. We document here the emergence of azithromycin-resistant among the NARMS culture collections between 2011 and 2021 in food animals and retail meats, some with co-resistance to ceftriaxone or decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. We also provide insights into the underlying genetic mechanisms and genomic contexts, including the first report of a novel combination of azithromycin resistance determinants and the characterization of multidrug-resistant plasmids. Further, we highlight the emergence of a multidrug-resistant Newport clone in food animals (mainly cattle) with both azithromycin resistance and decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. These findings contribute to a better understating of azithromycin resistance mechanisms in and warrant further investigations on the drivers behind the emergence of resistant clones.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10783062PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.03485-23DOI Listing

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