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Gas separation polymer membranes play a pivotal role in various industrial processes including carbon capture and hydrogen production. However, the inherent trade-off between permeability and selectivity coupled with challenges in membrane manufacturing has hindered their widespread industrial deployment. To address the permselectivity challenges, researchers have explored increasingly complex polymers, composite systems, and other materials. In this study, we introduce a novel membrane manufacturing technique called "electro-casting" that not only enables efficient membrane fabrication but also enhances the trade-off of traditional polymer-based membranes. We fabricated cellulose acetate (CA) membranes embedded with 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium via electro-casting and performed a comparative analysis of structural, morphological, and gas transport characteristics against membranes made via conventional casting techniques. We discovered that electro-casted membranes exhibited a unique crystalline structure, surface topology that induced a remarkable 200% improvement in CO/N selectivity and a 110% increase in CO/CH selectivity. The electric field generated during the manufacturing process played a crucial role in altering the supramolecular structure of the polymer, thereby increasing the separation properties of the membranes as well as their thermal and mechanical features. Electro-casting induced a polymer crystallization effect that disrupted the permeability-selectivity trade-off observed in conventional membranes, while producing highly stable membranes. Moreover, the simplicity of this manufacturing method and its significant impact on membrane properties have the potential to accelerate the deployment of gas separation membranes, facilitating the transition toward a NetZero chemical industry.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c14742 | DOI Listing |
ACS Earth Space Chem
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.
Iodine in the atmosphere destroys ozone and can nucleate particles by formation of iodic acid, HIO. Recent field observations suggest iodate recycles from particles sustaining significant gas-phase IO radical concentrations (0.06 pptv) in aged stratospheric air, and in elevated dust plumes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Sens
December 2024
School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
Mastering the surface chemistry of quantum dots (QDs) has enabled a remarkable gas-sensing response as well as impressive air stability. To overcome the intrinsic receptor-transducer mismatch of QDs, PbS QDs used as sensitive NO receptors are spin-coated on top of a few-layer MoS and incorporated into a thin-film transistor (TFT) gas sensor. This architecture enables the separation of the electron transduction function from the chemical reception function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
December 2024
Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Alloy nanocatalysts exhibit enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability mainly due to their versatile phases and atomic structures. However, nanocatalysts' "real" functional structures may vary from their as-synthesized status due to the structural and chemical changes during the activation and reaction conditions. Herein, we studied the activated CuPd/CeO nanocatalysts under the CO oxidation reaction featuring an atomic-scale phase separation process, resulting in a notable "hysteresis" in catalyst performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Process Impacts
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada.
Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is often employed to characterize gas-phase compounds in both indoor and outdoor environments. PTR-MS measurements are usually made without upstream chromatographic separation, so it can be challenging to differentiate between an ion of interest, its isomers, and fragmentation products from other species all detected at the same mass-to-charge ratio. These isomeric contributions and fragmentation interferences can confound the determination of accurate compound mixing ratios, the assignment of accurate chemical properties, and corresponding analyses of chemical fate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Environ
December 2024
Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Leaf photosynthesis models are used extensively in photosynthesis research and are embedded in many larger scale models. Typical photosynthesis models simplify light intensity as the integrated intensity over the 400-700 nm waveband (photosynthetic active radiation, PAR). However, far-red light (700-750 nm, FR) also drives photosynthesis when supplied in addition to light within the PAR spectrum.
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