J Orthop Res
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Published: May 2024
Chordae tendineae, referred to as heart tendinous cords, act as tendons connecting the papillary muscles to the valves in the heart. Their role is analogous to tendons in the musculoskeletal system. Despite being exposed to millions of cyclic tensile stretches over a human's lifetime, chordae tendineae rarely suffer from overuse injuries. On the other hand, musculoskeletal tendinopathy is very common and remains challenging in clinical treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism behind the remarkable durability and resistance to overuse injuries of chordae tendineae, as well as to explore their effects on flexor tenocyte biology. The messenger RNA expression profiles of chordae tendineae were analyzed using RNA sequencing and verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, we found that periostin (Postn) and fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) were expressed at significantly higher levels in chordae tendineae, compared to flexor tendons. We further treated flexor tenocytes in vitro with periostin and FGF7 to examine their effects on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and tendon-related gene expression of flexor tenocytes. The results displayed enhanced cell proliferation ability at an early stage and an antiapoptotic effect on tenocytes, while treated with periostin and/or FGF7 proteins. Furthermore, there was a trend of promoted tenocyte migration capability. These findings indicated that Postn and FGF7 may represent novel cytokines to target flexor tendon healing. Clinical significance: The preliminary discovery leads to a novel idea for treating tendinopathy in the musculoskeletal system using specific molecules identified from chordae tendineae.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.25745 | DOI Listing |
Ann Thorac Surg Short Rep
September 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Anomalous supravalvular mitral chordae tendineae that originate from the mitral leaflet(s) and attach to the interatrial septum or dome of the left atrium are a rare congenital anomaly. These supravalvular chordae are often associated with severe mitral regurgitation and surgical experience has included resection of the anomalous chord as part of the repair. We describe an unusual presentation of an incidentally discovered anomalous supravalvular chord at the time of mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation related to a flail posterior leaflet.
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Jolley Lab, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, US.
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