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Effects of thermal stress responses in goldfish (Carassius auratus): growth performance, total carotenoids and coloration, hematology, liver histology, and critical thermal maximum. | LitMetric

Effects of thermal stress responses in goldfish (Carassius auratus): growth performance, total carotenoids and coloration, hematology, liver histology, and critical thermal maximum.

Fish Physiol Biochem

Kidchakan Supamattaya Aquatic Animal Health Research Center, Department of Aquatic Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.

Published: December 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study examined how different temperatures (27°C, 30°C, and 34°C) affect goldfish (Carassius auratus) over a 10-week period, focusing on growth, feed efficiency, coloration, and physiological responses.
  • Results indicated that while weight gain and growth rates were similar across temperatures, higher temperatures led to poorer feed efficiency and reduced coloration, alongside significant changes in blood and liver health.
  • Notably, fish acclimated to 34°C experienced increased critical thermal maximum (CTmax) but also showed signs of stress, suggesting that temperatures should ideally remain below 34°C for optimal health in goldfish.

Article Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of thermal stress on growth, feed utilization, coloration, hematology, liver histology, and critical thermal maximum (CTmax) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) cultured at three different acclimation temperatures including 27 °C, 30 °C, and 34 °C for 10 weeks. Goldfish were assigned randomly to tanks with a quadruplicate setup, accommodating 20 fish per tank. The result showed that fish acclimated to different temperatures did not significantly differ in weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR). However, increasing temperature significantly decreased feed efficiency ratio (FER), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein productive value (PPV), but significantly increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The coloration parameters significantly decreased by high temperature in the trunk region with increasing temperature (L* and a* at week 5; L*, a*, and b* at week 10; P < 0.05). Total carotenoid contents in serum, fin, muscle, and skin also significantly decreased with increasing temperature (P < 0.05). Total protein, albumin, and globulin levels exhibited a notable decrease, while the albumin: globulin ratio showed a slight insignificant increase, with increasing temperature. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol, and triglycerides significantly increased with increasing temperature (P < 0.05). While, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Glucose and cortisol levels linearly increased with increasing temperature, the highest levels being observed in the 34 °C group. Liver histology showed swollen hepatocytes, nuclei displacement, and infiltration of inflammation in fish cultured at 34 °C. Goldfish acclimated to 34 °C displayed a higher CTmax of 43.83 °C compared to other groups. The present study showed that temperature should be kept below 34 °C for goldfish culture to prevent high FCR, fading coloration, and liver damages.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01263-9DOI Listing

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