Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in regulating immune responses, immune cell differentiation, activation, and inflammatory processes. In cancer, they are gaining prominence as potential therapeutic targets due to their ability to regulate immune checkpoint molecules and immune-related factors, suggesting avenues for bolstering anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we explore the mechanistic insights into lncRNA-mediated immune modulation, highlighting their impact on immunity. Additionally, we discuss their potential to enhance cancer immunotherapy, augmenting the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T cell therapies. LncRNAs as therapeutic targets hold the promise of revolutionizing cancer treatments, inspiring further research in this field with substantial clinical implications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9060070 | DOI Listing |
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital 4 Münster, Germany.
Background And Objectives: Levels of activated complement proteins in the CSF are increased in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and are associated with clinical disease severity. In this study, we determined whether complement activation profiles track with quantitative MRI metrics and liquid biomarkers indicative of disease activity and progression.
Methods: Complement components and activation products (Factor H and I, C1q, C3, C4, C5, Ba, Bb, C3a, C4a, C5a, and sC5b-9) and liquid biomarkers (neurofilament light chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], CXCL-13, CXCL-9, and IL-12b) were quantified in the CSF of 112 patients with clinically isolated syndromes and 127 patients with MS; longitudinal MRIs according to a standardized protocol of the Swiss MS cohort were assessed.
JCO Clin Cancer Inform
January 2025
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promise in the treatment of various cancers. Single-drug ICI therapy (immuno-oncology [IO] monotherapy) that targets PD-L1 is the standard of care in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with PD-L1 expression ≥50%. We sought to find out if a machine learning (ML) algorithm can perform better as a predictive biomarker than PD-L1 alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomacromolecules
January 2025
Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India.
The present investigation aims to develop a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and esterase-responsive biodegradable mannosylated polyurethane to effectively deliver the encapsulated antileishmanial drug amphotericin B (AmB) selectively to infected macrophage cells. Owing to suitable amphiphilic balance, the as-synthesized glycosylated polyurethane () with aryl boronic ester-based diol () moiety as ROS-trigger, water-soluble mannose pendants, and fluorescent 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza--indacene (BODIPY) chain ends for bioimaging formed nanoaggregates in an aqueous medium as confirmed by H NMR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and critical aggregation concentration (CAC) measurements. Aided by two endogenous stimuli present in phagolysosome, ROS and esterase, AmB-encapsulated polymeric nanoaggregates as drug delivery vehicles achieved an efficient reduction of both and intracellular amastigote burden compared to the free AmB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), a sequence-specific DNA binding protein of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is essential for viral genome replication and maintenance and is therefore an attractive target for the therapeutic intervention of EBV-associated cancers. Several EBNA1-specific inhibitors have demonstrated the ability to block EBNA1 function in vitro, but practical delivery strategies for these inhibitors in vivo are still lacking. Here, we report an intelligent hierarchical targeting theranostic nanosystem (denoted as mZGOCS@MnO-P5) that integrates an azide (N3) terminal dual-targeting peptide (N3-P5), a tumor microenvironment-responsive degradable MnO nanosheet, and a mesoporous ZnGaO:Cr, Sn near-infrared persistent luminescence (NIR-PL) nanosphere (mZGOCS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly polymorphic, and host mtDNA variation has been associated with altered cancer severity. To determine the basis of this mtDNA-cancer association, we analyzed conplastic mice with the C57BL/6J (B6) nucleus but two naturally occurring mtDNA lineages, and , where mitochondria generate more oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS). In a cardiac transplant model, Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells supported long-term allograft survival, whereas Treg cells failed to suppress host T effector (Teff) cells, leading to acute rejection.
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