Perovskite Oxide as A New Platform for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Oxidation.

Electrocatalytic nitrogen oxidation reaction (NOR) offers an efficient and sustainable approach for conversion of widespread nitrogen (N ) into high-value-added nitrate (NO ) under mild conditions, representing a promising alternative to the traditional approach that involves harsh Haber-Bosch and Ostwald oxidation processes. Unfortunately, due to the weak absorption/activation of N and the competitive oxygen evolution reaction, the kinetics of NOR process is extremely sluggish accompanied with low Faradaic efficiencies and NO yield rates. In this work, an oxygen-vacancy-enriched perovskite oxide with nonstoichiometric ratio of strontium and ruthenium (denoted as Sr RuO ) was synthesized and explored as NOR electrocatalyst, which can exhibit a high Faradaic efficiency (38.6 %) with a high NO yield rate (17.9 μmol mg  h ). The experimental results show that the amount of oxygen vacancies in Sr RuO is greatly higher than that of SrRuO , following the same trend as their NOR performance. Theoretical simulations unravel that the presence of oxygen vacancies in the Sr RuO can render a decreased thermodynamic barrier toward the oxidation of *N to *N OH at the rate-determining step, leading to its enhanced NOR performance.