AI Article Synopsis

  • Metallic nanoparticles like titanium dioxide (E171) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are common food additives, but their effects on cardiovascular health are under-researched.
  • In a study, these nanoparticles were administered to rats over 90 days, resulting in significant heart tissue changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased cell death.
  • The findings suggest that consuming foods with these additives may pose risks to heart health, highlighting the need for caution regarding their use in food products.

Article Abstract

Background: Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as food additives for human consumption. NPs reach the bloodstream given their small size, getting in contact with all body organs and cells. NPs have adverse effects on the respiratory and intestinal tract; however, few studies have focused on the toxic consequences of orally ingested metallic NPs on the cardiovascular system. Here, the effects of two food-grade additives on the cardiovascular system were analyzed.

Methods: Titanium dioxide labeled as E171 and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were orally administered to Wistar rats using an esophageal cannula at 10 mg/kg bw every other day for 90 days. We evaluated cardiac cell morphology and death, expression of apoptotic and autophagic proteins in cardiac mitochondria, mitochondrial dysfunction, and concentration of metals on cardiac tissue.

Results: Heart histology showed important morphological changes such as presence of cellular infiltrates, collagen deposition and mitochondrial alterations in hearts from rats exposed to E171 and ZnO NPs. Intracellular Cyt-C levels dropped, while TUNEL positive cells increased. No significant changes in the expression of inflammatory cytokines were detected. Both NPs altered mitochondrial function indicating cardiac dysfunction, which was associated with an elevated concentration of calcium. ZnO NPs induced expression of caspases 3 and 9 and two autophagic proteins, LC3B and beclin-1, and had the strongest effect compared to E171.

Conclusions: E171 and ZnO NPs induce adverse cardiovascular effects in rats after 90 days of exposure, thus food intake containing these additives, should be taken into consideration, since they translocate into the bloodstream and cause cardiovascular damage.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655394PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-023-00553-7DOI Listing

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