Prevalence of psychological problems among caregivers of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders, which caused difficulties and increased caregivers' burden.

Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of psychological problems among caregivers of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Methods and procedures We searched the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published from December 2019 to March 2023. Random effects models were used to calculate the pooled prevalence of psychological problems among caregivers. Subgroup analyses were used to detect potential heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the included studies. Egger's and Begg's tests were used to examine publication bias. Outcomes and results Twenty studies involving 14,743 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The main psychological problems among caregivers were anxiety (36.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 19.6-53.7%), depression (41.1%, 95%CI 35.4-46.8%), and stress (58.9%, 95%CI 45.1-72.7%). There were differences in prevalence by study year, national economic level, continent, and sample size. Conclusions and implications Our study showed that caregivers of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders had a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the psychological problems of these caregivers should not be overlooked. We recommend that the government should provide caregivers with more medical and financial assistance. What this paper adds? The current study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on parents whose children have neurodevelopmental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the prevalence of psychological problems among caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders is particularly prevalent, which suggests that we should attach importance to the parenting pressure and mental health of this special group.