In Brazil, the advent of voluntary and counseling testing (VCT) has provided many benefits in the fight against AIDS. A sectional open web survey was conducted to investigate the Brazilian LGBT+ individuals' knowledge and perceptions of the existence of VCT centers and their associations with risk behavior and other variables of interest. The study instrument included questions on sociodemographic and behavioral variables, knowledge on VCT, access to and use of it, beliefs about HIV infection, test results, and risk perception. The Risk Behavior Score for HIV infection (RBS) was also used. A total of 1,630 volunteers participated in the survey, of whom 56.8% were men. Of these, 96.1% declared themselves as (MSM). Almost 50% of the participants had never heard about the existence of VCT, which was a higher knowledge score among MSM. A low frequency of participants had a clear perception of the risks to which they are exposed, whereas those with higher RBS were aware of the existence of VCT. As VCT is critical for the implementation of policies to combat and prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, our results can contribute to a better understanding of the influence of VCT on the frequency of testing, serological surveillance, and routine counseling for key populations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232811.14972022 | DOI Listing |
Undersea Hyperb Med
January 2025
King Hamad American Mission Hospital, A'ali, Kingdom of Bahrain.
Middle ear barotrauma (MEBT) is the most common complication in providing hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO). This study explored the impact of altering the shape of the time-pressure curve with the aim of reducing the occurrence of MEBT and optimizing the HBO experience during the pressurization process. Four distinct mathematically derived protocols-Constant Pressure Difference (CPD), Constant Volume Difference (CVD), Constant Ratio (CR), and Inverted Constant Ratio (ICR)-were investigated using computer simulations on a simple ear model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEquitable health research requires actively engaging communities in producing new knowledge to advocate for their health needs. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) relies on the coproduction of contextual and grounded knowledge between researchers, programme implementers and community partners with the aim of catalysing action for change. Improving coproduction competencies can support research quality and validity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Protoc
August 2024
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50131 Kozani, Greece.
Pressure ulcers are a frequent issue involving localized damage to the skin and underlying tissues, commonly arising from prolonged hospitalization and immobilization. This paper introduces a mathematical model designed to elucidate the mechanics behind pressure ulcer formation, aiming to predict its occurrence and assist in its prevention. Utilizing differential geometry and elasticity theory, the model represents human skin and simulates its deformation under pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Sex Behav
October 2024
Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Paid sex is associated with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, which are highly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, few data exist on this sexual practice among the general population in SSA, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where data on paid sex mainly comes from sex workers. In the DRC, most HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) centers do not discuss paid sex as a risk factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Math Biol
August 2024
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Richmond, 410 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA, 23173, USA.
Virtual clinical trials (VCTs) are growing in popularity as a tool for quantitatively predicting heterogeneous treatment responses across a population. In the context of a VCT, a plausible patient is an instance of a mathematical model with parameter (or attribute) values chosen to reflect features of the disease and response to treatment for that particular patient. A number of techniques have been introduced to determine the set of model parametrizations to include in a virtual patient cohort.
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