is a second-class nationally protected wild animal in China. As one of the cavefish, has strong adaptability to harsh subterranean environments. In this study, we used PacBio SMRT sequencing technology to generate a first representative full-length transcriptome for . Sequence clustering analysis obtained 232,126 full-length transcripts. Among all transcripts, 40,487 were annotated in public databases, while 70,300 microsatellites, 2384 transcription factors, and 16,321 long non-coding RNAs were identified. The phylogenetic tree showed that . shows a closer relationship to and phylogenetically diverging from the common ancestor ~14.74 million years ago (Mya). We also found that between 15.6 and 17.5 Mya, also experienced an additional whole-genome duplication (WGD) event, which may have promoted the species evolution of . Meanwhile, the overall rates of evolutionary of polyploid were significantly higher than those of the other cyprinids, and 220 positively selected genes (PSGs) were identified in two sub-genomes of . These PSGs are likely to fulfill critical roles in the process of adapting to diverse cave environments. This study has the potential to facilitate future investigations into the genomic characteristics of and provide valuable insights into revealing the evolutionary history of polyploid .

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10648740PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13213399DOI Listing

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