Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Limited data exist on longitudinal changes in the sputum bacterial microbiome during treatment in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) patients. We prospectively collected serial sputum samples from 14 NTM-PD patients during treatment, at the start (n = 14) and at 1 (n = 10), 3 (n = 10), 6 (n = 12), and 12 (n = 7) months. The bacterial microbiome changes were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequences (V3-V4 regions). Subgroup analysis included culture conversion (n = 9) and treatment refractory (n = 5) groups. In all patients, sputum alpha-diversity (ACE, Chao1, and Jackknife) significantly decreased during antibiotic treatment at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months compared to treatment initiation levels. Within the culture conversion group, genus/species-level beta-diversity showed differences at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months compared to treatment initiation (all p < 0.05). However, in the refractory group, there were no differences in beta-diversity at the genus/species levels in the sputum at any time point. In the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect sizes (LEfSe) analysis, the culture conversion group exhibited decreasing taxa at various levels (phylum/genus/species), but no significant increase in taxa was observed. LEfSe analysis of the refractory patient group revealed multiple taxa decreased during treatment. However, proportions of Veillonella dispar (LDA = 4.78), Fusobacterium periodonticum (LDA = 4.35), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LDA = 2.92) increased as the treatment period progressed in the refractory group. Sputum microbiota diversity decreases during NTM-PD treatment. In the culture conversion group, most taxa decrease, while some increase in the refractory group. These findings suggest that a distinct respiratory microbial community may exist in refractory NTM-PD patients compared to responsive antibiotic-treated patients.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10643529 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47230-5 | DOI Listing |
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