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Impact of Holocene environmental change on the evolutionary ecology of an Arctic top predator. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The Arctic is highly sensitive to climate change, with predictions of the multiyear sea ice disappearing soon, which could greatly impact polar bears as key indicators of ecosystem health.
  • Researchers used various methods to study how changes in the environment over the Holocene period affected polar bear populations in Greenland, finding a link between declining sea ice and shrinking polar bear populations.
  • The study reveals that polar bears in western and eastern Greenland are distinct in their morphology and ecology, likely due to regional differences, highlighting the challenges that climate change poses to these species and their habitats.

Article Abstract

The Arctic is among the most climatically sensitive environments on Earth, and the disappearance of multiyear sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is predicted within decades. As apex predators, polar bears are sentinel species for addressing the impact of environmental variability on Arctic marine ecosystems. By integrating genomics, isotopic analysis, morphometrics, and ecological modeling, we investigate how Holocene environmental changes affected polar bears around Greenland. We uncover reductions in effective population size coinciding with increases in annual mean sea surface temperature, reduction in sea ice cover, declines in suitable habitat, and shifts in suitable habitat northward. Furthermore, we show that west and east Greenlandic polar bears are morphologically, and ecologically distinct, putatively driven by regional biotic and genetic differences. Together, we provide insights into the vulnerability of polar bears to environmental change and how the Arctic marine ecosystem plays a vital role in shaping the evolutionary and ecological trajectories of its inhabitants.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10631739PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adf3326DOI Listing

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