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Experimental transmission of Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease results in differential microbial responses within coral mucus and tissue. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is a severe illness affecting about 50% of Caribbean coral species, prompting a study on its microbial community response in US Virgin Islands (USVI) corals.
  • The researchers tested six coral species with varying susceptibility to SCTLD and analyzed the microbial communities in their mucus and tissue layers before and after disease exposure.
  • Findings revealed that while the microbiomes were similar among species post-disease acquisition, distinct patterns emerged based on species and habitat, with mucus potentially serving as an early indicator of disease presence.

Article Abstract

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is a widespread and deadly disease that affects nearly half of Caribbean coral species. To understand the microbial community response to this disease, we performed a disease transmission experiment on US Virgin Island (USVI) corals, exposing six species of coral with varying susceptibility to SCTLD. The microbial community of the surface mucus and tissue layers were examined separately using a small subunit ribosomal RNA gene-based sequencing approach, and data were analyzed to identify microbial community shifts following disease acquisition, potential causative pathogens, as well as compare microbiota composition to field-based corals from the USVI and Florida outbreaks. While all species displayed similar microbiome composition with disease acquisition, microbiome similarity patterns differed by both species and mucus or tissue microhabitat. Further, disease exposed but not lesioned corals harbored a mucus microbial community similar to those showing disease signs, suggesting that mucus may serve as an early warning detection for the onset of SCTLD. Like other SCTLD studies in Florida, Rhodobacteraceae, Arcobacteraceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Fusibacter, Marinifilaceae, and Vibrionaceae dominated diseased corals. This study demonstrates the differential response of the mucus and tissue microorganisms to SCTLD and suggests that mucus microorganisms may be diagnostic for early disease exposure.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9723713PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43705-022-00126-3DOI Listing

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