Chronic knee pain is a common condition. Causes of knee pain include trauma, inflammation, and degeneration, but in many patients the pathophysiology remains unknown. Recent developments in advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and molecular imaging facilitate more in-depth research focused on the pathophysiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain and more specifically inflammation. The forthcoming new insights can help develop better targeted treatment, and some imaging techniques may even serve as imaging biomarkers for predicting and assessing treatment response in the future. This review highlights the latest developments in perfusion MRI, diffusion MRI, and molecular imaging with positron emission tomography/MRI and their application in the painful knee. The primary focus is synovial inflammation, also known as synovitis. Bone perfusion and bone metabolism are also addressed.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10629992 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775741 | DOI Listing |
Viruses
November 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Section Virus-Host Interactions, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
The study of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in cell culture is mainly based on cloned viral isolates requiring adaptation for efficient replication in Huh7 hepatoma cells. The analysis of wild-type (WT) isolates was enabled by the expression of SEC14L2 and by inhibitors targeting deleterious host factors. Here, we aimed to optimize cell culture models to allow infection with HCV from patient sera.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
November 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0245, USA.
are ssDNA plant viruses whose control has both economical and agricultural importance. Their capsids assemble into two distinct architectural forms: (i) a T = 1 icosahedral and (ii) a unique twinned quasi-isometric capsid. Described here are the high-resolution structures of both forms of the maize streak virus using cryo-EM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
CeMOS Research and Transfer Center, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.
Advancements in Raman light sheet microscopy have provided a powerful, non-invasive, marker-free method for imaging complex 3D biological structures, such as cell cultures and spheroids. By combining 3D tomograms made by Rayleigh scattering, Raman scattering, and fluorescence detection, this modality captures complementary spatial and molecular data, critical for biomedical research, histology, and drug discovery. Despite its capabilities, Raman light sheet microscopy faces inherent limitations, including low signal intensity, high noise levels, and restricted spatial resolution, which impede the visualization of fine subcellular structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Dental Medicine Faculty, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pasteur 4, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
The use of Raman spectroscopy, particularly surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), offers a powerful tool for analyzing biochemical changes in biofluids. This study aims to assess the modifications occurring in saliva collected from patients before and after exposure to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and computed tomography (CT) imaging. SERS analysis revealed significantly amplified spectra in post-imaging samples compared to pre-imaging samples, with pronounced intensification of thiocyanate and opiorphin bands, which, together with proteins, dominated the spectra.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
December 2024
Department of Urology and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China.
Background/objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the gemcitabine-loaded drug-eluting beads (G-DEBs) for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in rabbit renal tumors and to evaluate their antitumor effect using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT).
Methods: DEBs were prepared by polyvinyl alcohol-based macromer crosslinked with -acryl tyrosine and ,'-methylenebis(acrylamide). Gemcitabine was loaded through ion change to obtain G-DEBs.
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