Background: Depression, anxiety and PTSD appear to be risk factors for dementia, but it is unclear whether they are causal or prodromal. The inflammatory-mediated neurodegeneration hypothesis suggests a causal link, proposing that mental illness is associated with an inflammatory response which, in turn, triggers neurodegenerative changes that lead to dementia. Existing meta-analyses have yet to examine inflammatory markers in depression, anxiety or PTSD with the view to exploring the inflammatory-mediated neurodegeneration hypothesis. The current meta-analysis therefore examined whether: a) depression, anxiety and PTSD are individually associated with inflammation, independently of comorbid mental illnesses and physical health problems with known inflammatory responses, and b) there are any similarities in the inflammatory profiles of these disorders in order to provide a basis for exploring inflammation in people with dementia who have a history of clinically-significant anxiety, depression or PTSD.
Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL searches identified 64 eligible studies.
Results: Depression is associated with an inflammatory response, with tentative evidence to suggest anxiety and PTSD are also associated with inflammation. However, the specific response may differ across these disorders.
Limitations: The data for anxiety, PTSD and multiple inflammatory markers were limited.
Conclusions: Depression, anxiety, and PTSD each appear to be associated with an inflammatory response in persons who do not have comorbid mental or physical health problems that are known to be associated with inflammation. Whether this inflammatory response underlies the increased risk of dementia in persons with a history of depression and anxiety, and possibly PTSD, remains to be determined.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.009 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Pathways from violence exposure to medication non-adherence: exploration of mental health symptoms and coping in people living with HIV in the U.S. South.
AIDS Care
January 2025
Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
In the current study, we examine associations between exposure to violence and antiretroviral medication adherence in persons with HIV (PWH) in a southern city in the United States. We include investigation of a variety of violence exposures including childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, witnessing family violence, lifetime violence exposures and current stress related to violence experiences, as well as neighborhood violence exposure. We examined associations between violence exposures and adherence and mediational pathways between these variables including mental health symptoms - specifically depressive, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms - as well as coping strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating risk factors of dissociative and complex posttraumatic stress disorder across diagnostic systems and potential implications: Latent class analyses.
Psychol Trauma
January 2025
Research Centre for Stress Trauma and Related Conditions, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast.
Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and more complex posttraumatic symptomatology (i.e., dissociative PTSD [D-PTSD] and complex PTSD [CPTSD]) are differently described in the (5th ed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe status and influencing factors of death anxiety among Chinese college students under the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Physical Education Teaching and Research Office, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
Background: To comprehend the current state of death anxiety among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyze its influencing factors, and provide recommendations for mitigating death anxiety among these students.
Methods: From March to May 2023, utilizing a cluster sampling method, students from three universities in Changzhou, Jiangsu, were selected as research participants. The investigation employed a general information questionnaire, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Chinese Version Templer-Death Anxiety Scale (CT-DAS), and the brief version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10).
Low emotional contagious behavior induces PTSD susceptibility in observers and is related to the regulation of oxytocin receptor in mice.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci
January 2025
School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P. R. China.
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that occurs after an individual has witnessed or experienced a major traumatic event. Emotional contagion seems to play an important role in witnessing trauma, highlighting the importance of understanding the neurobiological consequences of psychological or emotional stress and its impact on the individual's mental health. Therefore, understanding the relationship between emotional contagion and PTSD susceptibility and the abnormal neurobiological and behavioral changes behind it could help find effective molecular treatment targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOn the Role of Epigenetic Modifications of HPA Axis in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Resilience.
J Neurophysiol
January 2025
Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary; Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4; Canada.
Stress is a fundamental adaptive response mediated by the amygdala and Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. Extreme or chronic stress, however, can result in a multitude of neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, paranoia, bipolar disorder (BP), major depressive disorder (MDD), and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Despite widespread exposure to trauma (70.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!