AI Article Synopsis

  • - Rare diseases affect fewer than 1 in 2000 people in Europe, often leading to challenges in diagnosis, with 72.5% having a genetic origin but many still without identified genes! - The Solve-RD project is focused on meeting the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium's 2027 goal of diagnosing rare diseases within a year, using a new methodology that analyzes phenotypic similarities among cases! - Initial tests on 725 cases showed that 8.8% had potential pathogenic variants, with hypotheses validated in 42.1%; this successful approach is paving the way for a standardized re-analysis pipeline for unsolved cases!

Article Abstract

Rare diseases (RD) have a prevalence of not more than 1/2000 persons in the European population, and are characterised by the difficulty experienced in obtaining a correct and timely diagnosis. According to Orphanet, 72.5% of RD have a genetic origin although 35% of them do not yet have an identified causative gene. A significant proportion of patients suspected to have a genetic RD receive an inconclusive exome/genome sequencing. Working towards the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC)'s goal for 2027 to ensure that all people living with a RD receive a diagnosis within one year of coming to medical attention, the Solve-RD project aims to identify the molecular causes underlying undiagnosed RD. As part of this strategy, we developed a phenotypic similarity-based variant prioritization methodology comparing submitted cases with other submitted cases and with known RD in Orphanet. Three complementary approaches based on phenotypic similarity calculations using the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO), the Orphanet Rare Diseases Ontology (ORDO) and the HPO-ORDO Ontological Module (HOOM) were developed; genomic data reanalysis was performed by the RD-Connect Genome-Phenome Analysis Platform (GPAP). The methodology was tested in 4 exemplary cases discussed with experts from European Reference Networks. Variants of interest (pathogenic or likely pathogenic) were detected in 8.8% of the 725 cases clustered by similarity calculations. Diagnostic hypotheses were validated in 42.1% of them and needed further exploration in another 10.9%. Based on the promising results, we are devising an automated standardized phenotypic-based re-analysis pipeline to be applied to the entire unsolved cases cohort.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10853199PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-023-01486-7DOI Listing

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