Clinical significance of elevated soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 and soluble P-selectin in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Objectives: To assess the serum concentrations of soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (sTIM-1) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) in individuals who had obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

Methods: Between December 2020 and November 2022, 134 participants from the Sleep Monitoring Center of the Branch Hospital of Huai'an First People's Hospital, Jiangsu, China, engaged in this cross-sectional study. Participants were categorized as mild OSAHS (n=19), moderate OSAHS (n=22), severe OSAHS (n=57), and non-OSAHS (n=36) groups. Serum levels of sTIM-1, sP-selectin, and interleukin (IL)-6, as well as baseline clinical characteristics and polysomnography outcomes were assessed in each participant.

Results: Compared to the non-OSAHS group, sTIM-1 and sP-selectin levels were considerably elevated in people who had moderate or severe OSAHS (all <0.05), but there were no notable changes between those who had mild OSAHS and non-OSAHS participants (>0.05). The sTIM-1 and sP-selectin levels showed positive associations with the apnea-hypopnea index, body mass index (BMI), and IL-6 levels (all <0.001). While elevated sTIM-1 was independently related to OSAHS (odds ratio [OR]=1.134, =0.001), sP-selectin was not associated with OSAHS after adjusting for BMI (OR=1.013, =0.467).

Conclusion: People with moderate or severe OSAHS had higher serum sTIM-1 and sP-selectin levels, and elevated sTIM-1 is an independently related factor for OSAHS.