The Microprocessor complex (MP) is a vital component in the biogenesis of microRNAs (miRNAs) in animals. It plays a crucial role in the biogenesis of microRNAs (miRNAs) in mammals as it cleaves primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) to initiate their production. The accurate enzymatic activity of MP is critical to ensuring proper sequencing and expression of miRNAs and their correct cellular functions. RNA elements in pri-miRNAs, including secondary structures and sequencing motifs, RNA editing and modifications, and cofactors, can impact MP cleavage and affect miRNA expression and sequence. To evaluate MP cleavage activity with various RNA substrates under different conditions, we set up an in vitro pri-miRNA cleavage assay. This involves purifying human MP from HEK293E cells, synthesizing pri-miRNAs using in vitro transcription, and performing pri-miRNA cleavage assays using basic laboratory equipment and reagents. These procedures can be performed in various labs and improved for high-throughput analysis of enzymatic activities with thousands of RNA substrates.
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