AI Article Synopsis
- Opioid analgesics, including methadone, are used in pets during and after surgery for effective pain relief and to reduce the amount of anesthesia needed.
- Methadone, recently approved for veterinary use in Canada, not only activates opioid receptors but also provides pain relief by blocking NMDA receptors, making it a versatile option.
- This review covers how methadone works, its benefits and drawbacks, and best practices for administering it to dogs and cats.
Article Abstract
Opioid analgesics are routinely used during the perioperative period, to provide analgesia and reduce anesthetics doses required to maintain a surgical plane of anesthesia in companion animals. Acting on receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system, opioids provide reliable and consistent analgesia; however, they are not without adverse effects. Methadone, a mu agonist opioid analgesic, was recently licensed for veterinary use in Canada. In addition to its action on opioid receptors, methadone contributes to analgesia through other pathways, including inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. It has physiologic effects similar to other mu opioid agents, but fewer adverse gastrointestinal effects. This review discusses methadone's mechanism of action, pharmacologic characteristics, and clinical effects in dogs and cats. Current recommendations for using methadone in companion animals are also provided.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581351 | PMC |
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