AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by analyzing both direct and indirect costs through a systematic literature review.
- Researchers examined relevant studies from the EU, EEA, UK, and OECD to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of various health interventions, focusing on data adjusted to 2021 Euro.
- Results indicated that the pandemic's economic burden was significant, with community screening, protective equipment, and vaccination strategies proving to be cost-effective compared to physical distancing measures, which varied in effectiveness based on implementation factors.
Article Abstract
Objectives: The economic burden of COVID-19 pandemic is substantial, with both direct and indirect costs playing a significant role.
Design: A systematic literature review was conducted to estimate the cost of the COVID-19 pandemic and the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical interventions. All cost data were adjusted to the 2021 Euro, and interventions compared with null.
Data Sources: Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from January 2020 through 22 April 2021.
Eligibility Criteria: Studies regarding COVID-19 outbreak or public health preparedness measures or interventions with outcome measures related to the direct and indirect costs for disease and preparedness and/or response in countries of the European Union (EU), the European Economic Area (EEA), the UK and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) of all relevant epidemiological designs which estimate cost within the selected time frame were considered eligible.
Data Extraction And Synthesis: Studies were searched, screened and coded independently by two reviewers with high measure of inter-rater agreement. Data were extracted to a predefined data extraction sheet. The risk of bias was assessed using the Consensus on Health Economic Criteria checklist.
Results: We included data from 41 economic studies. Ten studies evaluated the cost of the COVID-19 pandemic, while 31 assessed the cost-benefit of public health surveillance, preparedness and response measures. Overall, the economic burden of the COVID-19 pandemic was found to be substantial. Community screening, bed provision policies, investing in personal-protective-equipment and vaccination strategies were cost-effective. Physical distancing measures were associated with health benefits; however, their cost-effectiveness was dependent on the duration, compliance and the phase of the epidemic in which it was implemented.
Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic is associated with substantial short-term and long-term economic costs to healthcare systems, payers and societies, while interventions including testing and screening policies, vaccination and physical distancing policies were identified as those presenting cost-effective options to deal with the pandemic, dependent on population vaccination and the R at the stage of the pandemic.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619092 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077602 | DOI Listing |
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