Dental pulp tissue is densely innervated by afferent fibers of the trigeminal ganglion. When bacteria cause dental decay near the pulpal tissue, a strong neuronal and immune response occurs, creating pulpitis, which is associated with severe pain and pulp tissue damage. Neuroimmune interactions have the potential to modulate both the pain and pathological outcome of pulpitis. We first investigated the role of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), released from peptidergic sensory afferents, in dental pain and immune responses by using Calca knockout (Calca -/- ) and wild-type (Calca +/+ ) mice, in a model of pulpitis by creating a mechanical exposure of the dental pulp horn. We found that the neuropeptide CGRP, facilitated the recruitment of myeloid cells into the pulp while also increasing spontaneous pain-like behavior 20% to 25% at an early time point. Moreover, when we depleted neutrophils and monocytes, we found that there was 20% to 30% more sensory afferent loss and increased presence of bacteria in deeper parts of the tissue, whereas there was a significant reduction in mechanical pain response scores compared with the control group at a later time point. Overall, we showed that there is a crosstalk between peptidergic neurons and neutrophils in the pulp, modulating the pain and inflammatory outcomes of the disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003029 | DOI Listing |
Inflammation is a complex host response to harmful infections or injuries, playing both beneficial and detrimental roles in tissue regeneration. Notably, clinical dentinogenesis associated with caries development occurs within an inflammatory environment. Reparative dentinogenesis is closely linked to intense inflammation, which triggers the recruitment and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) into the dentin lineage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Clin Pediatr Dent
December 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, M A Rangoonwala College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Background: Indirect pulp treatment (IPT) is often employed in dentistry as a valuable technique for preserving dental vitality. While mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) remains a popular choice, the need for materials with shorter setting times, lower costs, and minimized discoloration concerns has led to the exploration of alternative options.
Aim: To evaluate and compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes of gel-based MTA Kids e-MTA (Kids-e-Dental, Mumbai, India) with MTA (ProRoot MTA, Dentsply Tulsa, Johnson City, TN, USA).
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent
December 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KVG Dental College and Hospital, Sullia, Karnataka, India.
Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a multifactorial disease with known etiologic factors and can be very devastating to the oral and general well-being of a child, including psychological impacts on a growing child. Young children constitute a vulnerable population because of their dependence and inability to communicate their needs. Oral health disparities continue to pose critical challenges, as ECC is the most common chronic disease of childhood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Dev Biol
January 2025
Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Aging often triggers dental pulp fibrosis, resulting in clinical repercussions such as increased susceptibility to dental infections, compromised tooth vitality, and reduced responsiveness to dental interventions. Despite its prevalence, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this condition remains unclear. Leveraging single-cell transcriptome analysis from both our own and publicly available datasets, we identified Ccrl2 macrophages as particularly vulnerable during the early stages of aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Bio Mater
January 2025
The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
Aim: To investigate the effects of osteopontin (OPN) on cultured human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) in relation to adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization.
Methodology: Subcultured hDPCs isolated from healthy human wisdom teeth were inoculated on noncoated (NC, control) and OPN-coated nontissue culture-treated polystyrene plates (Non-TCPS). Cell adhesion and proliferation were analyzed by crystal violet staining and the CCK-8 assay, respectively.
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