Oral mucositis (OM) is a common adverse effect of radiation to the head and neck. Recent research has shown that extra oral photobiomodulation (EO-PBM) reduces the severity of OM. However, appropriate EO-PBM therapy parameters for OM severity reduction have not been documented. This work aims to optimize EO-PBM radiation parameters for lowering the severity of radiation-induced OM in rats by establishing a photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment system based on light-emitting diode arrays with top-hat beam profile. The 36 rats are separated into 2 control groups and 4 groups receiving PBM treatment. The PBM groups are exposed to irradiance between 4 and 24 J/cm at 660 nm. The cheek pouch mucosa is removed after scarification for biochemical and histological examination. Student's -test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's Multiple were applied to compare the statistical significance of differences between control groups and PBM treatment groups. Statistical analysis reveals that PBM irradiation at 12 J/cm (200 sec) with a flatness of 0.8 and a diameter of 3 cm substantially decreased the level of inflammatory cytokines compared with the positive control group. Our results indicate that the designed treatment PBM system is capable of delivering the optical parameters necessary for therapeutic treatment.
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