Mycotoxin contamination on food and feed can have deleterious effect on human and animal health. Agricultural crops may contain one or more mycotoxin compounds; therefore, a good multiplex detection method is desirable to ensure food safety. In this study, we developed a rapid method using label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to simultaneously detect three common types of mycotoxins found on corn, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN), and ochratoxin A (OTA). The intrinsic chemical fingerprint from each mycotoxin was characterized by their unique Raman spectra, enabling clear discrimination between them. The limit of detection (LOD) of AFB1, ZEN, and OTA on corn were 10 ppb (32 nM), 20 ppb (64 nM), and 100 ppb (248 nM), respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to predict concentrations of AFB1, ZEN, and OTA up to 1.5 ppm (4.8 µM) based on the SERS spectra of known concentrations, resulting in a correlation coefficient of 0.74, 0.89, and 0.72, respectively. The sampling time was less than 30 min per sample. The application of label-free SERS and multivariate analysis is a promising method for rapid and simultaneous detection of mycotoxins in corn and may be extended to other types of mycotoxins and crops.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100610 | DOI Listing |
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January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6, Canada.
Infrared absorption spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy were integrated into three data fusion strategies-hybrid (concatenated spectra), mid-level (extracted features from both datasets) and high-level (fusion of predictions from both models)-to enhance the predictive accuracy for xylazine detection in illicit opioid samples. Three chemometric approaches-random forest, support vector machine, and -nearest neighbor algorithms-were employed and optimized using a 5-fold cross-validation grid search for all fusion strategies. Validation results identified the random forest classifier as the optimal model for all fusion strategies, achieving high sensitivity (88% for hybrid, 92% for mid-level, and 96% for high-level) and specificity (88% for hybrid, mid-level, and high-level).
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January 2025
Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
To evaluate the effect of sulfinate salt on the bond performance of a two-step self-etch adhesive to an intracoronally bleached pulpal dentin surface. Intracoronally bleached bovine teeth were treated with or without sulfinate salt (sulfinate agent (SA): Clearfil DC activator) before 2-SEA (Clearfil SE Bond 2) application, while unbleached teeth served as the control (n = 5 teeth). Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) using the bonded surface area of 1 mm at the crosshead speed of 1 mm/min measurements after 24 h storage and thermocycles (TC), degree of conversion (DC) analyses by Raman spectroscopy (n = 3 teeth), ultrastructure of resin-dentin interface (n = 3 teeth), and intracoronally bleached pulp chamber dentin surface (n = 3 teeth) observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were subsequently performed.
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January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
This study aimed to identify biomolecular differences between benign gastric tissues (gastritis/intestinal metaplasia) and gastric adenocarcinoma and to evaluate the diagnostic power of Raman spectroscopy-based machine learning in gastric adenocarcinoma. Raman spectroscopy-based machine learning was applied in real-time during endoscopy in 19 patients (aged 51-85 years) with high-risk for gastric adenocarcinoma. Raman spectra were captured from suspicious lesions and adjacent normal mucosa, which were biopsied for matched histopathologic diagnosis.
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January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan.
Naturally weathered polypropylene (NWPP) samples are useful for investigating the effects of various degradation factors that cannot be obtained in artificial laboratory experiments. In this study, NWPP samples were extracted from beach sediments (Ashiya, Hyogo, Japan). Raman and attenuated total reflection (ATR)-Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies were used to analyze variations in the composition, crystallinity, orientation, and degradation of NWPP microplastics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
February 2025
Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China. Electronic address:
Background: Sensitive and accurate detection of important cancer markers MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is critical to prevent and treat disease. Among many detection techniques, surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as narrow spectral peak, low interference and non-destructive detection. Interestingly, non-noble metal SERS substrates show good prospects due to their outstanding spectral reproducibility and biocompatibility.
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