The Role of Some Free-Ranging Animals in the Transmission of Multi-Host Species of Spp.

Background: We aimed to characterize spp. in rats, cats, pigeons, and crows.

Methods: Fifty-five animal origin spp. genome were identified, genotyped and confirmed by nested PCR and of RFLP-PCR analysis as well as sequenced based on 18s rRNA and genes in Tehran (2012-2019). Finally, the phylogenetic analysis was performed by MEGA software (version 7).

Results: By the molecular method, spp. were detected in 24 (15.2%), 15 (15%), 2 (2%) and 13 (13%) cases of wild rats, cat, pigeon, and crow, respectively. Among the identified species by the RFLP pattern, most isolates were identified as (24/157) 17.8% in rats, (15/100) 15% in cats, (13/100) 13%in crew and (2/100) 2% in pigeons; and the rest of the cases were and . The results of sequencing did not prove the existence of , , , and rat genotype. Subtyping of was indicated that the dominant subtype family belongs to the IId family and the subtype A20G1 was the most common subtype detected in all hosts while A19G1 was detected in one isolate of cat and pigeon.

Conclusion: Free-ranging animals are infected by species/subtype of , which can infect humans. This shows by itself the hygienic importance of the free-ranging animals in urban ecosystems. In the transmission of human cryptosporidiosis, the multi-host species such as , , and can be transferred potentially from these animals to humans.