Urban green spaces benefit physical, mental health, and reduses the risk of cardiovascular disease. A study in Kaunas, Lithuania collected health data from 100 patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) during 2006-2009. Residential greenness was measured by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). We assessed the impact of greenness on health indicators and on changes in health markers after 6 months. Higher greenness levels based on the NDVI 1-km radius were related to higher mean values of heart rate (HR) and ejection fraction and lower left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic diameter index (LV EDDI), LV end-systolic volume (ESV), left atrium size (LAS), and right atrium size (RAS) at baseline. After 6 months, a decrease in DBP and HR and an improvement in spiroergometric parameters were associated with exposure to high levels of greenness. The long-term rehabilitation group experienced significant changes in spiroergometric indicators. The results confirm that the greenness of the residential environment can improve health indicators in patients with HF.
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