Arthrodesis of the interphalangeal joints of the hand by two-dimensional intraosseous wiring.

Background: Numerous techniques for arthrodesis have been described to fix interphalangeal (IP) joints, and the fixation method should be considered on a case-by-case basis. This study aimed to investigate the availability of IP joint arthrodesis of the hand, using a two-dimensional intraosseous wiring (two-DIOW) method.

Methods: A total of 43 joints (19 thumb IP joints, 9 proximal finger interphalangeal (PIP) joints and 15 distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints in 29 patients with a mean age of 66 years (range, 24-85 y) were retrospectively analyzed. All operations were performed with two-DIOW method. We evaluated the bone union rate, correction loss, presence of any surgical complications, and oral steroid use in cases of joint fixation using the two-DIOW method.

Results: Of these 43 digits, 42 achieved bone union (97.7%). Non-union was seen in a thumb IP joint of mutilans rheumatoid arthritis. Mean correction loss of deviation was 1.0°, and flexion or extension angulation was 1.6° in the direction of extension. Surgical complications included mild nail deformity in 2 digits and wire irritation necessitating wire removal in 2 digits. Oral steroids were used for 18 of the 43 digits, including 2 digits complicated by nail deformities. There was no infection and skin necrosis in all digits with or without steroid use.

Conclusions: The two-DIOW method appears to offer an effective method of IP joint fixation, but caution should be exercised in digits of severe joint destruction and in the treatment of wire knot.